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Wow. Is it just the EIA that does this misleading conversion or have you seen it show up in other statistics too?

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I had only looked into the EIA documentation when I was writing the main post, but I just looked into the easily-mistaken IEA (the International Energy Agency) documentation and you can find their methodologies on page 248 here under "Primary Energy Conventions": https://iea.blob.core.windows.net/assets/4f314df4-8c60-4e48-9f36-bfea3d2b7fd5/WorldBAL_2020_Documentation.pdf

They are doing it similarly to how I have calculated the corrections above, and so I think deserves an honest stamp of approval 👍. They have actually estimated a lower quality of steam from geothermal electricity generation than the assumptions I have used above (10% vs 38%), which I didn't know about. Also, the IEA is helpful in splitting Biomass from Non-combustible Renewable sources as I have done above. It helps you understand the real gap in carbon-free energy production. I took a quick look at Sweden (for you 😊 ), and unfortunately while the "renewables" number is large (54% reported by sweden.se), biomass constitutes the majority of it (https://www.iea.org/countries/sweden). Sweden does produce a lot less CO2 emissions per capita, but it is most likely due to the high usage of nuclear and a decent amount of hydro.

Thanks for asking this question! I'm glad the IEA is taking clear efforts to report accurately.

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Awesome, thank you!

Yes Sweden is lucky to have lots of hydro, without which we wouldn't be as much of a sustainability poster child... The one thing that Sweden has going for it is that we decarbonized heating early on + houses are well insulated. Heat pumps and district heating are very widespread; gas and oil boilers quite are rare.

There is still a widespread belief in biofuel here. Currently it comes from food waste and forestry waste products - and (unfortunately) lots of imported biomass from South East Asia, which doesn't make much sense.

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